Click on names to expand them, and on p for plants profiles. Species of cyperaceae contained within the plant list belong to 1 plant genera. Manual of the genus carex in mexico and central america. Cyperaceae, sedge family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, a division of the order poales. Family description according to the plant taxonomists, it has been estimated that a total of 2 to 3 million plant species exists on our planet. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about 90 genera, the largest being the true sedges genus carex with over 2,000 species. Smoothfruited sedge carex laeviconica cyperaceaesedge family. Characteristic morphological features although grasses superficially resemble other plants, most notably the rushes family juncaceae and sedges family cyperaceae, these similarities are far outweighed by the numerous lessconspicuous differences in the structure and arrangement of reproductive parts, pollen development and structure, chromosome structure, and embryology. Poaceae characteristic morphological features britannica. Grassy perennials with fibrous roots andor creeping rhizomes. Cyperaceae taxonomic family publications biology and management of yellow cyperus escuelentus and purple nutsedge c. This category should contain only articles about the genera of cyperaceae, when the articles are at the scientific name, or redirects from the scientific name in the case of monotypic taxa or articles at the english name. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Cyperaceae in the orders and families of monocotyledons.
Fabaceae leguminosae pea or bean family peas, greenstring beans, fava beans, hyacinth bean, cowpea, peanut. Phylogeny and systematics of cyperaceae, the evolution and. The seeds of these tress are usually exposed, and not enclosed by a fruit structure like a flowering plant, hence the name gymnosperm. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Cyperaceae comprise 109 genera and approximately 5,500 species and have an almost cosmopolitan distribution govaerts et al. About 35% of the genera are monotypic, 26% have two to five species, and there are a seven 6% genera with over 200 species, the largest being cyperus 686 species and carex 1,757 species. We aim to present phylogenetic major groups within the subfamily cyperoideae cyperaceae on the basis of three molecular data sets. The cyperaceae are grasslike herbaceous plants found especially in wet regions throughout the world. Most species have triangular stems in cross section sedges have edges and thus leaves are 3ranked. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. Cyperaceae, with about 5,500 species and 90 genera worldwide.
Worldwide, but mostly in moist, cool places in the north temperate zone with extensions into the tropical highlands. With practice and increasing familiarity with the family, it is usually possible to assign an unknown grass to a tribe without undue difficulty. I also pointed out the difficulty that occurs in species identification, and due to this fact, the family is frequently avoided by many people. Plants of the dogwood family the dogwoods are trees, shrubs or woody plants with usually opposite or apparently whorled leaves. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your. The leaves are alternate, commonly in 3 ranks, usually with a closed sheathing base and a parallelveined, strapshaped blade.
The basic funnelshaped structure, with spikelets on branches of different lengths is variously modified so that it appears umbellike, paniclelike or even headlike to the casual glance. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. There is controversy at higher levels too, so that sometimes cyperaceae are included in the order poales and sometimes in their own order cyperales. The showy, whitish petals are really bracts, while the true flowers are much smaller and clustered together in the center. Cupressaceae cypress family cupressaceae belong to the gymnosperm group along with the pinaceae pine family, taxaceae yew family, and taxodiaceae redwood family all needleleaved, conebearing trees. There are three families that you will need to be able to distinguish in order to indentify graminoids. The cyperaceae are grasslike, herbaceous plants comprising about 70 genera and 4,000 species, commonly found in wet or saturated conditions. The plant list includes 2,568 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus cyperus. The family cyperaceae closely resembles poaceae gramineae, hence most of the taxonomists have included it with poaceae gramineae under glumiflorae. Carex with 2,000 species is one of the largest of all angiosperm genera. Herbaceous perennial from a short rhizome with cormlike enlargements, 18 dm fruiting julyseptember. The stems are often triangu1ar in xsection sedges have edges, but otherwise stem and leaves may be very. The characters on which the generic differentiation.
The plant list includes 18,977 scientific plant names of species rank for the family cyperaceae. The sedge family cyperaceae exhibits diffuse centromeres. Poaceae includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and cultivated lawns and pasture. Most sedges have triangular stems edges, except for scripus, which has round stems. Evolutionary relationships in the sedge family cyperaceae have mainly. Molecular studies in the family are still in the early stages and have not, as yet, yielded any real solution to the problem. Smoothfruited sedge carex laeviconica cyperaceaesedge. Phenology is useful in identification of this species. Aphoto furthering environmental awareness and education through the medium of photography. Pdf we present relevant data about the taxonomy and distribution of 20.
May, 2014 plant family discussion specifically on family poaceae or grasses. The fruiting time has been interpreted broadly to include the period when the fruit is. Cyperaceae sedge family a graminoid family of about 100 genera and 4,500 species primarily of moist habitats. The cyperaceae are a family of graminoid grasslike, monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. Because most cyperaceae cannot be reliably identified when in flower, in this volume fruiting time is given for all species by season, sometimes qualified by early, mid, or late, or by months. In our area, they are often the dominant species in wet, marshy sites. In a past plant talk posting, i discussed the cyperaceae sedge family in delaware and provided data on its overall status and distribution in the state.
Classification for kingdom plantae down to family cyperaceae. Evolution of genome size in carex cyperaceae in relation to chromosome. Six plant families of economic importance david bogler. Recognition of two major clades and early diverged groups. Pdf anatomical features of species of cyperaceae from. Poaceae, which shares some characteristics of cyperaceae, such as wind pollination and reduced floral structure, has often been placed near to cyperaceae but is now shown to be more distantly related h.
The following table lists the distinguishing characteristics of each. The tribe is therefore taken as the primary division here. Join our friendly community that shares tips and ideas for gardens, along with seeds and plants. Plant family discussion specifically on family poaceae or grasses. Advice home family there are 6 different family types and each one has a unique family dynamic there are 6 different family types and each one has a unique family dynamic. Tackling rapid radiations with targeted sequencing ncbi nih. Family cyperaceae definition of family cyperaceae by the. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. I also pointed out the difficulty that occurs in species identification, and due to. These genomic characteristics separate some phylogenetic lineages as. Plants usually herbs with 3 angled stem, solid culm. Bryson and richard carter usda ars, southern weed science research unit, stoneville, ms 38776, and valdosta state university, valdosta, ga 31698 cyperaceae is a cosmopolitan family of an estimated 5000 species and 100 genera ball et al. Graminoids families poaceae, juncaceae and cyperaceae.
Three molecular data and two combined data sets were. Most important plant families alexey shipunov minot state university july 16, 20 shipunov biol 592. Hutchinson and wettestein placed the family cyperaceae in a separate monotypic order cyperales and considered it to have been derived from the members of juncales or juncaceae on parallel line. Despite their global importance, few, if any, climate change studies have been carried out on, or with, cyperaceae. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about 90 genera, the largest being the true sedges genus carex with over 2,000 species these species are widely distributed, with the centers of diversity for the group occurring in tropical asia and tropical south america. Evolution of genome size in carex cyperaceae in relation to. Bean family fabaceaesoybeans, peas, beans tomato family solanaceaetomatos, potatoes, peppers, eggplants. The inflorescence in most members of the cyperaceae has been called an anthela, but that name is technically inappropriate see wilson 1991 p. These are primarily included because names of species rank are. Revised taxonomic interpretations of cyperaceae phytoliths. The texas flora includes 17 genera and 296 species in texas see also north american. Vegetable plantvegetable plant families and page f their. Taxonomic changes in c 4 cyperus cypereae, cyperoideae, cyperaceae. Although grasses superficially resemble other plants, most notably the rushes family juncaceae and sedges family cyperaceae, these similarities are far outweighed by the numerous lessconspicuous differences in the structure and arrangement of reproductive parts, pollen development and structure, chromosome structure, and embryology.
About the classification report about the classification download. Poaceae, which shares some characteristics of cyperaceae, such as wind. Mahatama jyotiba phule by combining 6 blocks namely. Most important plant families alexey shipunov minot state university july 16, 20. Aphotoflora photographic stock image library index page for cyperaceae the sedge family cyperaceae images. The cyperaceae, among the 10 largest families of flowering plants, contain about 5,000 species and, depending on the classification used, between 70 and 115 genera. This can go several different ways, like two divorced parents. Family stems leaves flowers fruit poaceae round, hollow at internodes.
Stemcylindrical, hollow, except maize and sugarcane, with nodes. Previous molecular phylogenetic analyses of the family cyperaceae based on rbcl sequences showed bulbostylis as paraphyletic, with b. Six top agricultural crop families grass family poaceaerice, wheat, corn, etc. Cyperaceae is a prolific phytolith producer with morphologically distinct phytoliths in the epidermal cells of its leaves and culms that were referred to as cyperaceous type by mehra and sharma 1965 because they were diagnostic of the family mehra and sharma, 1965, metcalfe, 1971, piperno, 1988, piperno, 1989, ollendorf, 1992. A stepfamily is when two separate families merge into one. Tufted perennial from a short, black, fibrillose rootstalk, fertile culms 59 dm fruiting latemay to earlyjuly. The showy, whitish petals are really bracts, while the true flowers are much smaller and clustered together in. Cyperus compressus l cyperus brachiatus poir poor land flat. The plant list includes a further 1,419 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus cyperus. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Part ii an account of the cyperaceae of gujarat shodhganga. Quisqualis indica rangooncreeper the flowers appearing first at night are white but turning pink at day break.
Superficially resembles several other species of cyperus. Learn about the comparison between poaceae and cyperaceae. Among them, around two lakh species are angiosperms flowering plants, while others include gymnosperms, bryophytes, hydrophytes and other vascular and nonvascular plants. Homoplasy of characters traditionally selected as relevant for. Graminoids families poaceae, juncaceae and cyperaceae one of the most challenging things you will do at dwp is keyout graminoids grass and grasslike plants. A list of all accepted names in cyperaceae is available in csv format. Th e aim of this chapter is to demonstrate that cyperaceae may be a model family on which to base climate change work, and to give some examples of where cyperaceae may win or lose in the climate change stakes. The sedge family, or cyperaceae, is the third largest monocot. It should not contain any categories, except the category for monotypic cyperaceae genera. Alismatanae and commelinanae except gramineae 141190. The closest relatives to cyperaceae are juncaceae and thurniaceae d. Identifying plant family characteristics kate olson riverway learning community minnesota city, mn summary in this botany field activity, students make observations of the similarities and differences between three types of garden plants cucumber, pumpkin, and melon to determine why they are grouped together in one plant family. Important details of plant construction most important plant families how to identify some important families. The cyperaceae, among the 10 largest families of flowering plants, contain about 5,000 species and.
There are 6 different family types and each one has a. The fruiting time has been interpreted broadly to include the period when the fruit is more or less fully formed but not yet ripe. Montana field guide contains a wealth of information about montanas diverse species. Slide 3 a brief comparison of graminoids grasses, sedges and rushes. This common rhyme can help you remember the key differences between the sedge, rush, and grass families.
Anogeissus latifolia a big tree having a cluster of winged fruits. This family includes many important domesticates, including the worlds most important cash crop triticum aestivum wheat. Three molecular data and two combined data sets were used to obtain. Cyperaceae sedge family worldwide distribution, but found especially in cooler, wetter habitats. Anatomy and morphology of the cyperaceae sedge family slide 2 a quick family description as found with all family files on this site. Pdf taxonomic and distribution notes on carex cyperaceae. The big, showy flowers of some dogwoods are illusionary.
976 332 784 286 110 783 94 1088 1405 368 102 115 856 467 790 425 336 1385 434 1245 1150 73 1037 1051 302 1155 1255 1568 139 1283 660 1159 763 953 710 11 1489 1272